Showing posts with label antipyretic. Show all posts
Showing posts with label antipyretic. Show all posts

Sunday, July 5, 2009

Salicylamide


Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide is used for:
Relieving migraine headaches. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide is an analgesic and antipyretic combination. It works by blocking substances in the body that cause pain and inflammation. Caffeine constricts blood vessels, which helps with migraine headache.
                          Some medical conditions may interact with Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide . Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
    * if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
    * if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
    * if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
    * if you have a history of alcohol abuse or if you consume 3 or more alcohol-containing drinks every day
    * if you have asthma, bleeding or clotting problems, growths in the nose (nasal polyps), kidney or liver problems, severe heart problems, stomach or peptic ulcers (bleeding ulcers), heartburn, upset stomach, stomach pain, influenza (flu) or chickenpox, vitamin K deficiency, anxiety, or sleeplessness
    * if you are a child with a stroke, a weakened blood vessel (cerebral aneurysm) or bleeding in the brain, or Kawasaki syndrome (a rare inflammation causing heart problems in children)
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any of the following medicines, especially any of the following:
    * Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg, acetazolamide) because they may decrease Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide 's effectiveness
    * Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin) or NSAIDs (eg, celecoxib, ibuprofen, naproxen) because the risk of side effects, including bleeding, may be increased by Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide
    * Insulin, isoniazid, oral hypoglycemics (eg, glyburide), or quinolone antibiotics (eg, ciprofloxacin) because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide
    * Methotrexate, theophylline, or valproic acid because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide
    * Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (eg, enalapril), probenecid, or sulfinpyrazone because their effectiveness may be decreased by Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
                           Use Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
    * Take Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.
    * Take Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide with a full glass of water (8 oz/240 mL). Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide .
    * Use Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide exactly as directed on the package, unless instructed differently by your doctor. If you are taking Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide without a prescription, follow any warnings and precautions on the label.
    * If you miss a dose of Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide and you are taking it regularly, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide .
                               * Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide has acetaminophen and aspirin in it. Before you start any new medicine, check the label to see if it has acetaminophen or aspirin in it too. If it does or if you are not sure, check with your doctor or pharmacist.
    * Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide may harm your liver. Your risk may be greater if you drink alcohol while you are using Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide . Talk to your doctor before you take Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide or other fever reducers if you drink more than 3 drinks with alcohol per day.
    * Aspirin has been linked to a serious illness called Reye syndrome. Do not give Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide to a child or teenager who has the flu, chickenpox, or a viral infection. Contact your doctor with any questions or concerns.
    * Avoid large amounts of food or drink that have caffeine (eg, coffee, tea, cocoa, cola, chocolate).
    * Serious stomach ulcers or bleeding can occur with the use of Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide . Taking it in high doses or for a long time, smoking, or drinking alcohol increases the risk of these side effects. Taking Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide with food will NOT reduce the risk of these effects. Contact your doctor or emergency room at once if you develop severe stomach or back pain; black, tarry stools; vomit that looks like blood or coffee grounds; or unusual weight gain or swelling.
    * Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide may reduce the number of clot-forming cells (platelets) in your blood. Avoid activities that may cause bruising or injury. Tell your doctor if you have unusual bruising or bleeding. Tell your doctor if you have dark, tarry, or bloody stools.
    * Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.
    * Do not take Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide for at least 7 days after any surgery unless directed by your health care provider.
    * Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide may cause false results with some in-home test kits for blood cholesterol. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide and need to check your blood cholesterol at home.
    * PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide while you are pregnant. Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide is not recommended during the last 3 months (third trimester) of pregnancy due to the potential for fetal harm or complications during delivery. Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide , check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.
                          Store Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C), in a tightly closed container. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Acetaminophen/Aspirin/Caffeine/Salicylamide out of the reach of children and away from pets.

Saturday, June 20, 2009

Ibuprofen


Ibuprofen is in a group of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Ibuprofen is used to reduce fever and treat pain or inflammation caused by many conditions such as headache, toothache, back pain, arthritis, menstrual cramps, or minor injury. Ibuprofen may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. This medicine can increase your risk of life-threatening heart or circulation problems, including heart attack or stroke. This risk will increase the longer you use ibuprofen. Do not use this medicine just before or after having heart bypass surgery (also called coronary artery bypass graft, or CABG). Seek emergency medical help if you have symptoms of heart or circulation problems, such as chest pain, weakness, shortness of breath, slurred speech, or problems with vision or balance. This medicine can also increase your risk of serious effects on the stomach or intestines, including bleeding or perforation (forming of a hole). These conditions can be fatal and gastrointestinal effects can occur without warning at any time while you are taking ibuprofen. Older adults may have an even greater risk of these serious gastrointestinal side effects. Call your doctor at once if you have symptoms of bleeding in your stomach or intestines. This includes black, bloody, or tarry stools, or coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Do not take more of this medication than is recommended. An overdose of ibuprofen can cause damage to your stomach or intestines. The maximum amount of ibuprofen for adults is 800 milligrams per dose or 3200 mg per day (4 maximum doses). Use only the smallest amount of this medication needed to get relief from your pain, swelling, or fever. Avoid taking ibuprofen if you are taking aspirin to prevent stroke or heart attack. Ibuprofen can make aspirin less effective in protecting your heart and blood vessels. If you must use both medications, take the ibuprofen at least 8 hours before or 30 minutes after you take the aspirin (non-enteric coated form). Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication. Alcohol can increase your risk of stomach bleeding caused by ibuprofen. Take ibuprofen exactly as directed on the label, or as it has been prescribed by your doctor. Do not use the medication in larger amounts, or use it for longer than recommended. Do not take more of this medication than is recommended. An overdose of ibuprofen can cause damage to your stomach or intestines. The maximum amount of ibuprofen for adults is 800 milligrams per dose or 3200 mg per day (4 maximum doses). Use only the smallest amount of ibuprofen needed to get relief from your pain, swelling, or fever. Take ibuprofen with food or milk to lessen stomach upset. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) well just before you measure a dose. To be sure you get the correct dose, measure the liquid with a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. The ibuprofen chewable tablet must be chewed before you swallow it. If you take ibuprofen for a long period of time, your doctor may want to check you on a regular basis to make sure this medication is not causing harmful effects. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor. Store ibuprofen at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not allow the liquid medicine to freeze.

Wednesday, June 3, 2009

Aspirin



Synonyms: 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid
acetylsalicylate
acetylsalicylic acid
O-acetylsalicylic acid

It is an analgesic or an antipyretic drug which relieves pain or it is used for fever and it is an anti-inflammatory medication. Aspirin is given to heart patients after heart attacks so that it reduces the second heart attack to occur. The main undesirable side effects of aspirin are gastrointestinal ulcers, stomach bleeding, and tinnitus, especially in higher doses. In children and adolescents, aspirin is no longer used to control flu-like symptoms or the symptoms of chickenpox or other viral illnesses, due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Today, aspirin is one of the most widely used medications in the world, with an estimated 40,000 metric tons of it being consumed each year.
Aspirin is one of the most frequently used drugs in the treatment of mild to moderate pain, including that of migraines and fever. It is often combined with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid analgesics in the treatment of moderate to severe pain.
In high doses, aspirin and other salicylates are used in the treatment of rheumatic fever, rheumatic arthritis, and other inflammatory joint conditions. In lower doses, aspirin (or its equivalents, e.g., carbasalate calcium) also inhibits platelet aggregation, and has been shown to reduce the incidence of transient ischemic attacks and unstable angina in men, and can be used prophylactically. It is also used in the treatment of pericarditis, coronary artery disease, and acute myocardial infarction.Low doses of aspirin are also recommended for the prevention of stroke, and myocardial infarction in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease. It is of no value in people without proven heart disease.
Aspirin has been used to treat pain and arthritis in veterinary medicine, primarily in dogs, although it is often not recommended for this purpose, as there are newer medications available with fewer side effects in these animals. Dogs, for example, are particularly susceptible to the gastrointestinal side effects associated with salicylates. Horses have also been given aspirin for pain relief, although it is not commonly used due to its relatively short-lived analgesic effects. Horses are also fairly sensitive to the gastrointestinal side effects. Nevertheless, it has shown promise in its use as an anticoagulant, mostly in cases of laminitis.Aspirin should only be used in animals under the direct supervision of a veterinarian. Aspirin should never be given to cats because they lack the ability to form glucuronide conjugates, which makes it more likely that aspirin will be toxic. Toxicity may be reduced by administering dosages at longer intervals.
Aspirin is known to cause hemolytic anemia in people who have the genetic disease glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD), particularly in large doses and depending on the severity of the disease. Use of aspirin during Dengue Fever is not recommended due to increased bleeding tendency. People with kidney disease, hyperuricemia, or gout should not take aspirin because aspirin inhibits the kidneys' ability to excrete uric acid and thus may exacerbate these conditions. Aspirin should not be given to children or adolescents to control cold or influenza symptoms as this has been linked with Reye's syndrome.
For adults doses are generally taken four times a day for fever or arthritis, with doses near the maximal daily dose used historically for the treatment of rheumatic fever. Aspirin overdose can be acute or chronic. In acute poisoning, a single large dose is taken; in chronic poisoning, higher than normal doses are taken over a period of time. Acute overdose has a mortality rate of 2%. Chronic overdose is more commonly lethal with a mortality rate of 25%; chronic overdose may be especially severe in children. Aspirin overdose has potentially serious consequences, sometimes leading to significant morbidity and death. Patients with mild intoxication frequently have nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, lethargy, tinnitus, and dizziness. More significant symptoms occur in more severe poisonings and include hyperthermia, tachypnea, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypoglycemia, hallucinations, confusion, seizure, cerebral edema, and coma. The most common cause of death following an aspirin overdose is cardiopulmonary arrest usually due to pulmonary edema.
Aspirin, combined with ephedrine and caffeine (commonly referred to as an ECA Stack) can be used by overweight individuals as strong thermogenic.